Funciones de filtro de PHP
Introducción al filtro PHP
Estos filtros PHP se utilizan para validar y filtrar datos provenientes de fuentes no seguras, como la entrada del usuario.
Instalación
Desde PHP 5.2.0, las funciones de filtro están habilitadas por defecto. No se necesita instalación para utilizar estas funciones.
Configuraciones de tiempo de ejecución
El comportamiento de estas funciones se ve afectado por la configuración de php.ini:
| Name | Description | Default | Changeable |
|---|---|---|---|
| filter.default | Filter all $_GET, $_POST, $_COOKIE, $_REQUEST and $_SERVER data by this filter. Accepts the name of the filter you like to use by default. See the filter list for the list of the filter names | "unsafe_raw" | PHP_INI_PERDIR |
| filter.default_flags | Default flags to apply when the default filter is set. This is set to FILTER_FLAG_NO_ENCODE_QUOTES by default for backwards compatibility reasons | NULL | PHP_INI_PERDIR |
Funciones de filtro de PHP
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
| filter_has_var() | Checks whether a variable of a specified input type exist |
| filter_id() | Returns the filter ID of a specified filter name |
| filter_input() | Gets an external variable (e.g. from form input) and optionally filters it |
| filter_input_array() | Gets external variables (e.g. from form input) and optionally filters them |
| filter_list() | Returns a list of all supported filter names |
| filter_var() | Filters a variable with a specified filter |
| filter_var_array() | Gets multiple variables and filter them |
Constantes de filtro predefinidas de PHP
| Constant | Description |
|---|---|
| INPUT_POST | POST variables |
| INPUT_GET | GET variables |
| INPUT_COOKIE | COOKIE variables |
| INPUT_ENV | ENV variables |
| INPUT_SERVER | SERVER variables |
| FILTER_DEFAULT | Do nothing, optionally strip/encode special characters. Equivalent to FILTER_UNSAFE_RAW |
| FILTER_FLAG_NONE | Allows no flags |
| FILTER_FLAG_ALLOW_OCTAL | Only for inputs that starts with a zero (0) as octal numbers. This only allows the succeeding digits to be 0-7 |
| FILTER_FLAG_ALLOW_HEX | Only for inputs that starts with 0x/0X as hexadecimal numbers. This only allows succeeding characters to be a-fA-F0-9 |
| FILTER_FLAG_STRIP_LOW | Strip characters with ASCII value lower than 32 |
| FILTER_FLAG_STRIP_HIGH | Strip characters with ASCII value greater than 127 |
| FILTER_FLAG_ENCODE_LOW | Encode characters with ASCII value lower than 32 |
| FILTER_FLAG_ENCODE_HIGH | Encode characters with ASCII value greater than 127 |
| FILTER_FLAG_ENCODE_AMP | Encode & |
| FILTER_FLAG_NO_ENCODE_QUOTES | Do not encode ' and " |
| FILTER_FLAG_EMPTY_STRING_NULL | Not in use |
| FILTER_FLAG_ALLOW_FRACTION | Allows a period (.) as a fractional separator in numbers |
| FILTER_FLAG_ALLOW_THOUSAND | Allows a comma (,) as a thousands separator in numbers |
| FILTER_FLAG_ALLOW_SCIENTIFIC | Allows an e or E for scientific notation in numbers |
| FILTER_FLAG_PATH_REQUIRED | The URL must contain a path part |
| FILTER_FLAG_QUERY_REQUIRED | The URL must contain a query string |
| FILTER_FLAG_IPV4 | Allows the IP address to be in IPv4 format |
| FILTER_FLAG_IPV6 | Allows the IP address to be in IPv6 format |
| FILTER_FLAG_NO_RES_RANGE | Fails validation for the reserved IPv4 ranges: 0.0.0.0/8, 169.254.0.0/16, 127.0.0.0/8 and 240.0.0.0/4, and for the reserved IPv6 ranges: ::1/128, ::/128, ::ffff:0:0/96 and fe80::/10 |
| FILTER_FLAG_NO_PRIV_RANGE | Fails validation for the private IPv4 ranges: 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12 and 192.168.0.0/16, and for the IPv6 addresses starting with FD or FC |
| FILTER_FLAG_EMAIL_UNICODE | Allows the local part of the email address to contain Unicode characters |
| FILTER_REQUIRE_SCALAR | The value must be a scalar |
| FILTER_REQUIRE_ARRAY | The value must be an array |
| FILTER_FORCE_ARRAY | Treats a scalar value as array with the scalar value as only element |
| FILTER_NULL_ON_FAILURE | Return NULL on failure for unrecognized boolean values |
| FILTER_VALIDATE_BOOLEAN | Validates a boolean |
| FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL | Validates value as a valid e-mail address |
| FILTER_VALIDATE_FLOAT | Validates value as float |
| FILTER_VALIDATE_INT | Validates value as integer |
| FILTER_VALIDATE_IP | Validates value as IP address |
| FILTER_VALIDATE_MAC | Validates value as MAC address |
| FILTER_VALIDATE_REGEXP | Validates value against a regular expression |
| FILTER_VALIDATE_URL | Validates value as URL |
| FILTER_SANITIZE_EMAIL | Removes all illegal characters from an e-mail address |
| FILTER_SANITIZE_ENCODED | Removes/Encodes special characters |
| FILTER_SANITIZE_MAGIC_QUOTES | Apply addslashes() |
| FILTER_SANITIZE_NUMBER_FLOAT | Remove all characters, except digits, +- signs, and optionally .,eE |
| FILTER_SANITIZE_NUMBER_INT | Removes all characters except digits and + - signs |
| FILTER_SANITIZE_SPECIAL_CHARS | Removes special characters |
| FILTER_SANITIZE_STRING | Removes tags/special characters from a string |
| FILTER_SANITIZE_STRIPPED | Alias of FILTER_SANITIZE_STRING |
| FILTER_SANITIZE_URL | Removes all illegal character from a URL |
| FILTER_UNSAFE_RAW | Do nothing, optionally strip/encode special characters |
| FILTER_CALLBACK | Call a user-defined function to filter data |